Comment 22 – comments and feedback

Alan Hall

Distribution of Seats

Ontario will be entitled to 122 seats in the House of Commons in the election following the current redistribution. The first step in creating seats across the province is to determine the number of ridings that should be in Northern Ontario.

Here is a chart showing the population counts for Northern and Southern Ontario for the past three censuses.

Population counts for Northern and Southern Ontario for the past three censuses, Ontario

	2001 Census	2011 Census	2021 Census
Northern Ontario	838,271	831,984	855,128
Southern Ontario	10,571,775	12,019,837	13,368,814
Ontario	11,410,046	12,851,821	14,223,942

Population counts for Northern and Southern Ontario for the past three censuses, Seats, Prov. Quotient

	2001 Census	2011 Census	2021 Census
Seats	106	121	122
Prov. Quotient	107,642	106,213	116,590

Northern quotient compared to provincial quotient

In the past, the number of seats assigned to Northern Ontario is the largest whole number possible without the Northern Ontario quotient falling more than 25% below the Provincial Quotient. Based on this precedent Northern Ontario should receive nine seats, as the Commission recommends.

Assigning nine seats to Northern Ontario would result in Southern Ontario being represented by 113 ridings. The chart and map on the following pages divide each Census Division (county, region, or equivalent) by the Southern Ontario quotient (118,308) to determine how many ridings they would be entitled to receive, based on a fair population distribution.

My proposal for Southern Ontario distributes ridings to each county or group of counties to minimize the number of ridings that need to cross county/region boundaries. I believe that a key component of 'Community of Interest' is to keep people living in the same municipality voting in the same riding to the greatest extent possible.

All my recommended ridings in Southern Ontario fall within a 10% range of the provincial quotient (104,931 to 128,248) with two-thirds having a population within a 5% range.

Seat Quotas by Region and Census Division

Region East

Census Division	2021 Pop.	Quota	Seats	Average
Renfrew (+ South Algonquin)	107,420	0.91	1	107,420
Prescott and Russell	95,639	0.81	11	117,538
Ottawa	1,017,449	8.60
Lanark	75,760	0.64
Leeds and Grenville	104,070	0.88
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry	114,637	0.97	1	114,637
Frontenac	161,780	1.37	3	126,137
Lennox and Addington	45,182	0.38
Prince Edward	25,704	0.22
Hastings	145,746	1.23
	1,893,387	16.00	16	118,337

Region Central

Census Division	2021 Pop.	Quota	Seats	Average
Northumberland	89,365	0.76	3	112,288
Peterborough	147,681	1.25
Kawartha Lakes	79,247	0.67
Haliburton	20,571	0.17
Dufferin	66,257	0.56	5	119,885
Simcoe	533,169	4.51
Grey	100,905	0.85	2	117,834
Bruce	73,396	0.62
Huron	61,366	0.52
	1,171,957	9.91	10	117,196

Region GTA

Census Division	2021 Pop.	Quota	Seats	Average
Durham	696,992	5.89	6	116,165
York	1,173,334	9.92	10	117,333
Toronto	2,794,356	23.62	24	116,432
Peel	1,451,022	12.26	12	120,919
Halton	596,637	5.04	5	119,327
	6,712,341	56.74	57	117,760

Region South Central

Census Division	2021 Pop.	Quota	Seats	Average
Wellington	241,026	2.04	2	120,513
Waterloo	587,165	4.96	5	117,433
Brant (+ Six Nations/New Credit south part)	144,937	1.23	6	119,048
Hamilton	569,353	4.81
Niagara	477,941	4.04	4	119,485
Haldimand-Norfolk (- SN/NC south part)	116,706	0.99	1	116,706
Oxford	121,781	1.03	1	121,781
	2,258,909	19.09	19	118,890

Region Southwest

Census Division	2021 Pop.	Quota	Seats	Average
Perth	81,565	0.69	11	121,110
Middlesex	500,563	4.23
Lambton	128,154	1.08
Elgin	94,752	0.80
Chatham-Kent	104,316	0.88
Essex	422,860	3.57
	1,332,210	11.26	11	121,110

Region Ontario

Region	2021 Pop.	Quota	Seats	Average
Southern Ontario	13,368,804	113.00	113	118,308
North	855,138		9	95,015
Ontario	14,223,942		122	116,590

Northern Ontario

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Kiiwetinoong—Mushkegowuk	35,900	-69.21%
Nickel Belt—Manitoulin	99,151	-14.96%
Nipissing	99,101	-15.00%
Parry Sound—Muskoka	102,303	-12.25%
Sault Ste Marie—Algoma	97,426	-16.44%
Sudbury	113,608	-2.56%
Thunder Bay—Lake of the Woods	101,521	-12.92%
Thunder Bay—Superior North	99,036	-15.06%
Timmins—Cochrane—Timiskaming	107,092	-8.15%

I support the names and boundaries proposed by the Commission with the following changes:

• The southern boundary of Kiiwetinoong—Mushkegowuk in Kenora District should exactly match the provincial boundary between Kiiwetinoong and Kenora-Rainy River. Having slightly different federal and provincial boundaries could cause unnecessary confusion.
• Conmee Township should be intact within the renamed Thunder Bay—Lake OF The Woods.
• The entire Municipality of Huron Shores should be in Sault Ste Marie—Algoma.
• Highway 60 in southern Algonquin Park should be in Parry Sound—Muskoka. The few people who live there would be easier to service from Huntsville than North Bay.

Name changes:

• From: Cochrane—Timmins—Timiskaming to: Timmins—Cochrane—Timiskaming
• From: Kenora—Thunder Bay—Rainy River to: Thunder Bay—Lake OF The Woods
• From: Manitoulin—Nickel Belt to: Nickel Belt—Manitoulin
• From: Sault Ste. Marie to: Sault Ste Marie—Algoma

Northern Ontario - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Nickel Belt--Manitoulin	103,158	-11.52%
Sudbury	109,601	-5.99%

Some areas of my proposed Nickel Belt—Manitoulin are only accessible by road by driving through Sudbury riding. This map provides an alternative option

• Nickel Belt—Manitoulin would add the communities of Garson and Falconbridge, northeast of the former city of Sudbury. This area is accessible from Hanmer along municipal roads.
• In exchange, Sudbury would include Whitefish Lake, Killarney, Estaire and the Municipality of French River.

Eastern Ontario

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Bay of Quinte	127,335	+9.22%
Carleton	108,352	-7.07%
Hastings—Frontenac—Lennox and Addington	124,971	+7.19%
Kanata—Carleton	116,651	+0.05%
Kingston and the Islands	126,106	+8.16%
Lanark—Stittsville	125,830	+7.93%
Leeds—Grenville—Smiths Falls	113,324	-2.80%
Nepean—Barrhaven	115,114	-1.27%
Orleans	126,835	+8.79%
Ottawa Centre	120,254	+3.14%
Ottawa South	125,075	+7.28%
Ottawa—Vanier	118,806	+1.90%
Ottawa West—Nepean	114,860	-1.48%
Prescott—Russell—Cumberland	107,817	-7.52%
Renfrew—South Algonquin	107,420	-7.86%
Stormont—Dundas—Glengarry	114,637	-1.67%

Eastern Ontario, defined as everything east of Renfrew County, Hastings County and Prince Edward County inclusive, would be entitled to 16 seats.

• Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke would keep the same boundaries but be renamed Renfrew—South Algonquin.
• Kanata—Carleton and Ottawa—Vanier would be left unchanged.
• Ottawa South would lose its southeast corner to follow Hunt Club Rd.
• The area of Ottawa Centre between Merivale Ave and Fisher Ave would be moved to Ottawa West—Nepean, reuniting the neighbourhood of Carlington.
• The neighbourhood of Qualicum-Redwood Park west of Greenbank Rd and south of Hwy 417 would be shifted to the renamed Nepean—Barrhaven.
• Population growth in Orleans and Nepean ridings would require the transfer of some territory. In the west, the area south of the Jock River would be removed from Nepean and added to Carleton riding. In the east, Carleton would add Blackburn Hamlet from Orleans.
• Stormont—Dundas—Glengarry would have enough population for its own riding. To compensate, Prescott—Russell—Cumberland would take in the area east of Cardinal Creek from Orleans.
• The community of Stittsville does not need to be divided. Instead, the entire community as well as the former Goulbourn and Marlborough townships would be added to Lanark—Stittsville.
• Adding Smiths Falls to Leeds—Grenville (renamed Leeds—Grenville—Smiths Falls) would bring it closer to the provincial quotient.
• Kingston And The Islands would be unaffected. The renamed Hastings—Frontenac—Lennox And Addington would shift eastwards by adding the part of Frontenac County lying north of Hwy 401. A similar riding existed from 1979 to 2004.
• The City of Belleville would be brought together within the riding of Bay OF Quinte.

Eastern Ontario - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Carleton	113,716	-2.46%
Kanata—Carleton	122,060	+4.69%
Lanark—Stittsville	119,482	+2.48%
Nepean--Barrhaven	121,986	+4.63%
Ottawa Centre	118,200	+1.38%
Ottawa South	114,283	-1.98%
Ottawa West--Nepean	116,409	-0.15%

Here is an alternative option to keep Barrhaven in the same riding.

• Nepean would lose everything west of Hwy 416 and south of Barnsdale Rd and be renamed Nepean—Barrhaven. Bell's Corners would be added to Kanata-Carleton.
• Apart from a small adjustment to follow Hwy 416, Ottawa West—Nepean would remain unchanged.
• Ottawa Centre would lose the Carleton Heights/Hog's Back area (south of Baseline Rd/Heron Rd) to Ottawa South.
• Ottawa South would have a new southern border at Hunt Club Rd.
• Carleton would add the Ottawa Airport area and Blossom Park from Ottawa South - as well as Blackburn Hamlet and the area south of Mer Bleue from Orleans - in exchange for losing Stittsville to the new Lanark seat.
• The boundary between Lanark—Stittsville and Kanata—Carleton would follow Hwy 417.

Central Ontario

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Barrie	118,556	+1.69%
Barrie—Innisfil—Bradford	115,479	-0.95%
Dufferin—Simcoe	121,194	+3.95%
Grey—Bruce	122,738	+5.27%
Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes	109,134	-6.39%
Huron—Bruce	112,929	-3.14%
Northumberland—Peterborough South	114,166	-2.08%
Peterborough	113,564	-2.60%
Simcoe North	121,364	+4.09%
Simcoe West	122,833	+5.35%

Central Ontario is a swath of the province stretching from Huron County across Lake Simcoe to Northumberland County. It would be entitled to ten seats.

• Starting in the west, the counties of Huron, Bruce and Grey have enough combined population for two ridings. Huron—Bruce would remain unchanged, while Grey—Bruce would add the Town of The Blue Mountains. This would place Grey County in one riding.
• Dufferin and Simcoe counties have enough population for five seats. Dufferin County would add the two adjoining municipalities from southwest Simcoe, Adjala-Tosorontio and New Tecumseth, and be renamed Dufferin—Simcoe.
• The municipalities of Barrie, Innisfil and Bradford-West Gwillimbury have sufficient population for two seats among them. One seat would be entirely within the City of Barrie (Barrie), and the city would share a riding (Barrie—Innisfil—Bradford) with the other two municipalities. The recommended dividing line would follow Huronia Rd, Lovers Creek and Yonge St.
• Oro-Medonte is currently split between two ridings. By adding the entire township to Simcoe North, and including Springwater, Tiny Township and Christian Island in Simcoe West, the populations of the remaining two seats would closely match.
• Kawartha Lakes, Haliburton, Peterborough County and Northumberland would be entitled to three seats, though slightly under the provincial average. The seats would balance by dividing Peterborough County into three sections:
• adding Trent Lakes and North Kawartha to Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes;
• adding Otonabee-South Monaghan, Hiawatha First Nation, Asphodel-Norwood, Douro-Dummer, and Havelock-Belmont-Methuen to Northumberland—Peterborough South; and
• keeping the City of Peterborough, Cavan Monaghan, Selwyn, and Curve Lake First Nation together in Peterborough.

Central Ontario (Peterborough and Hastings) - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Bancroft	110,833	-4.94%
Hastings—Frontenac—Lennox and Addington	113,956	-2.26%
Peterborough	122,880	+5.40%

• An alternative proposal for the area would move northern Peterborough County to Peterborough riding and have Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes extend east into northern Hastings County and be renamed Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Bancroft.

Central Ontario (Simcoe and Grey) - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Barrie	121,162	+3.92%
Barrie—Simcoe South	118,211	+1.39%
Grey—Bruce	113,348	-2.78%
Simcoe—Georgian Bay	126,885	+8.83%

Keeping the Town of The Blue Mountains from Grey County in a Simcoe-based riding would require some adjustments.

• Simcoe North and Dufferin—Simcoe would remain unchanged from my original proposal.
• The Town of The Blue Mountains would be moved from Grey—Bruce to Simcoe West (renamed Simcoe—Georgian Bay).
• In exchange, the part of Essa Township south of Murphy Rd/County Rd 21, County Rd 56 and Sideroad 25 – including the community of Thornton – would be added to Barrie—Innisfil—Bradford (renamed Barrie—Simcoe South).
• The boundary between Barrie and Barrie—Simcoe South would follow Lovers Creek from Mapleview Dr to Lake Simcoe/Kempenfelt Bay.

GTA – Durham Region

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Ajax	109,241	-6.30%
Clarington	117,203	+0.53%
Durham North	123,384	+5.83%
Oshawa	115,291	-1.11%
Pickering	116,611	+0.02%
Whitby	115,262	-1.14%

Durham Region would be entitled to six ridings.

• A new seat would be created in the north part of the region (Durham North). It would include Brock, Uxbridge, and Scugog as well as the Brooklin area of Whitby and Oshawa north of Taunton Rd.
• The Municipality of Clarington would be reunited in a single riding (Clarington) and include a portion of the City of Oshawa east of Harmony Rd, from Taunton Rd south to King St.
• The remainder of the City of Oshawa would form the riding of Oshawa.
• The Town of Whitby south of Hwy 407 would form the riding of Whitby.
• Pickering and Ajax combined have enough people for two seats. To balance populations, the area of Ajax known as Pickering Village would be added to Pickering; the rest of the town would comprise Ajax riding.

GTA – Durham Region - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Ajax	115,385	-1.03%
Clarington	119,420	+2.43%
Durham North	113,635	-2.53%
Oshawa	122,823	+5.35%
Pickering	110,467	-5.25%

Here is an alternative proposal for Durham Region.

• Whitby would remain unchanged from my original proposal.
• In the preferred option, the new seat in the north part of the region (Durham North) would have 8,000 more people than the urban Oshawa riding. To balance populations, the part of Oshawa added to Clarington riding would shift northward to include the area east of Harmony Rd, from Rossland Rd (and its easterly extension) north to Conlin Rd. This new area would be centered around Grandview St.
• The area of Ajax known as Pickering Village would still be added to Pickering. The dividing line would follow Church St but keep more of the Westney Heights neighbourhood in Ajax riding.

GTA – York Region

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Aurora—Oak Ridges	120,227	+3.12%
Georgina—Stouffville	126,692	+8.66%
Markham North	117,871	+1.10%
Markham South—Thornhill	111,087	-4.72%
Newmarket—King	117,382	+0.68%
Richmond Hill	123,872	+6.25%
Richmond Hill—Unionville	112,564	-3.45%
Thornhill	115,292	-1.11%
Vaughan—Maple	112,550	-3.46%
Vaughan—Woodbridge	115,797	-0.68%

York Region has sufficient population to allow it to be represented by ten ridings.

• The riding of Thornhill would remain unchanged.
• The current riding of Vaughan—King would lose King Township and be renamed Vaughan—Maple. The community of Nashville west of the Humber River would be added to Vaughan—Woodbridge to even the populations.
• King Township would no longer be divided. It would be added to the town of Newmarket and a populated strip of land between the northern Newmarket town limits and Green Lane in Newmarket—King.
• Instead of crossing the Holland River, the riding of York—Simcoe would extend south to include the urban area of Stouffville. This new riding would be called Georgina—Stouffville.
• Aurora would also be reunited in a single seat. Aurora—Oak Ridges would include Richmond Hill north of Gamble Rd/19 Ave as well as the adjoining rural areas of southwest Whitchurch-Stouffville.
• The riding of Richmond Hill would be contained entirely within that municipality. It would lie south of Gamble Rd/19 Ave and be bordered on the east by Leslie St, Major Mackenzie Dr, and Bayview Ave. The area of Richmond Hill east of that line would be added to Markham, including the Unionville neighbourhood, and be named Richmond Hill—Unionville.
• The remainder of Markham would be separated by Hwy 407. The northern section would become Markham North, while the southern part would become Markham South—Thornhill.

GTA – York Region - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Aurora—Oak Ridges	121,518	+4.23%
Georgina—King	119,887	+2.83%
Markham—Stouffville	121,552	+4.26%
Markham—Unionville	116,972	+0.33%
Newmarket—Aurora	113,931	-2.28%
Richmond Hill	124,748	+7.00%

Here is an alternative scenario for York Region.

• The proposed seats of Vaughan—Woodbridge, Vaughan—Maple, Thornhill, and Markham South—Thornhill would remain unchanged from my original plan.
• The Georgina—Stouffville riding (renamed Georgina—King) would include King Township and form a horseshoe around the cities along Hwy 11/Yonge St.
• Newmarket—King (renamed Newmarket—Aurora) would continue to use Green Lane as its northern boundary. It would include the northeast section of Aurora, east of the GO railway tracks and north of Wellington St. This would keep downtown Aurora (Yonge St) in one seat.
• The redrawn Aurora—Oak Ridges would include the remainder of the Town of Aurora as well as Richmond Hill north of Elgin Mills Rd.
• The riding of Richmond Hill would contain that municipality south of Elgin Mills Rd. It would add an isolated part of Markham lying north of Hwy 407 and west of Hwy 404.
• The alternative riding of Markham—Unionville would be similar to the current federal and provincial riding. The area surrounding Ross Brown Park would be added to Markham—Stouffville for population reasons.
• The remainder of Markham would be added to the built-up area of Stouffville to create Markham—Stouffville.

GTA – City of Toronto

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Beaches—East York	112,658	-3.37%
Cedarvale—Mount Pleasant	113,758	-2.43%
Danforth—Corktown	112,880	-3.18%
Davenport	110,846	-4.93%
Don Valley East—Wexford	113,712	-2.47%
Don Valley North	113,663	-2.51%
Don Valley West	123,958	+6.32%
Downsview	115,257	-1.14%
Eglinton—Lawrence	115,832	-0.65%
Etobicoke Centre	123,816	+6.20%
Etobicoke—Lakeshore	119,956	+2.89%
Etobicoke North	119,391	+2.40%
Fort York	118,417	+1.57%
Humber River—Black Creek	117,717	+0.97%
Parkdale—High Park	118,620	+1.74%
Rosedale—Jarvis	111,793	-4.11%
Scarborough—Agincourt	124,891	+7.12%
Scarborough Centre	112,634	-3.39%
Scarborough—Guildwood	115,477	-0.95%
Scarborough—Malvern	113,111	-2.98%
Scarborough Southwest	118,219	+1.40%
Spadina	112,775	-3.27%
Weston	116,757	+0.14%
Willowdale	118,218	+1.40%

The City of Toronto has a population that would entitle it to 23.62 seats. My proposal has assigned 24 ridings to Toronto, a decrease of one seat from the previous redistribution.

• I have renamed all ridings with the name 'York' to avoid confusion between York Region and the City of Toronto. I also have removed the name 'Toronto' from riding names.
• Starting in the southwest, Etobicoke—Lakeshore would transfer the Islington community north of the Cpr tracks to Etobicoke Centre. In response, Richview Park and The Westway neighbourhood would move from Etobicoke Centre to Etobicoke North.
• Humber River—Black Creek would reach across the Humber River to include the area east of Kipling Ave and north of Finch Ave. York Centre (renamed Downsview) would add the area east of Jane St and south of Grandravine Ave.
• The ridings of Willowdale, Don Valley North, York South—Weston (renamed Weston), and Eglinton—Lawrence would keep their existing boundaries.
• Davenport would extend slightly further south to include the Camh Centre on Queen St, while Liberty Village would be moved to Parkdale—High Park from Spadina—Fort York.
• St. Paul's (renamed Cedarvale—Mount Pleasant) would adjust its boundaries east of Yonge St to follow Eglinton Ave, Bayview Ave, and Mount Pleasant Cemetery.
• Toronto Centre (renamed Rosedale—Jarvis) would reclaim the Rosedale neighbourhood from University—Rosedale while using Yonge St and Queen St as its western and southern borders.
• University—Rosedale (renamed Spadina) would compensate for the loss of Rosedale by extending southward from Dundas St to Queen St. This latter change would avoid splitting Toronto's Chinatown neighborhood.
• Spadina—Fort York (renamed Fort York) would lie completely south of Queen St and include Toronto's entire Harbourfront area from the Cne to Parliament St.
• Toronto—Danforth and Beaches—East York are both underpopulated and need to add territory. The Corktown neighbourhood west of the Don River would be added to Danforth—Corktown, while Beaches—East York would move its northern boundary to Eglinton Ave.
• Don Valley West would add the Flemington Park area and place it in the same riding as Thorncliffe Park. Don Valley East would extend across Victoria Park Rd into Scarborough to include the Wexford community, becoming Don Valley East—Wexford. Its new eastern boundary would be the GO Transit line, Lawrence Ave, and Birchmount Rd.
• After losing the western half of the riding, Scarborough Centre would move its eastern boundary to Scarborough Golf Club Rd while following the Cnr tracks in the southeast.
• Scarborough Southwest would add the Scarborough Village area north of Kingston Rd in exchange for territory south of Kingston Rd and east of the Bellamy ravine.
• Scarborough—Guildwood would take over the entire southern section of Scarborough—Rouge Park. Its new northern boundary would be Hwy 401 and the hydro line running northeast to the city limits.
• The northern part of Scarborough would have sufficient population for two seats. From Victoria Park Ave east to Brimley Rd the seat would keep the name of Scarborough—Agincourt, while the eastern seat would be named Scarborough—Malvern. The Malvern community would no longer be split between two ridings.

GTA – City of Toronto (Downtown) - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Cedarvale—Rosedale	114,027	-2.20%
Fort York	112,141	-3.82%
St. Lawrence—St. James	117,324	+0.63%
Spadina	113,251	-2.86%

• Spadina—Fort York (renamed Fort York) would extend east to Yonge St from University Ave. At the same time, its eastern boundary would change from The Esplanade to the Qew. This latter change would avoid splitting the St. Lawrence neighborhood.
• Toronto Centre (renamed ST. Lawrence—ST. James) would adjust its boundaries by using Rosedale Valley Rd and Yonge St as its northern and western limits.
• The ridings of Toronto—St. Paul's and University—Rosedale would be realigned. The western half of University—Rosedale (west of Yonge St - University of Toronto, The Annex) would be joined to the Casa Loma area south of St Clair Ave and west of Avenue Rd. This seat would be named Spadina as it includes the Spadina Museum and the Spadina subway station.
• The remainder of the two ridings would merge into Cedarvale—Rosedale, named after two prominent ravines in the riding. The residents of Forest Hill and Rosedale would be placed in the same seat. The riding would expand east to Bayview Ave.

GTA – City of Toronto (Scarborough) - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Don Valley East—Wexford	116,054	-0.46%
Scarborough—Agincourt	116,927	+0.29%
Scarborough Centre	115,140	-1.24%
Scarborough—Guildwood	119,302	+2.33%
Scarborough—Malvern	116,320	-0.23%
Scarborough Southwest	114,301	-1.96%

This alternative map provides a better population balance than the preferred option in the Scarborough area.

• The Port Royal neighbourhood between Midland Ave and Brimley Rd would move from Scarborough—Agincourt to Scarborough—Malvern.
• The area around Trumpeter Park (north of Sheppard Ave) would be added to Scarborough—Guildwood.
• West Highland Creek and East Highland Creek would form the new boundary between Scarborough—Guildwood and Scarborough Centre. To compensate, Scarborough—Guildwood would include all of Scarborough Village, east of Bellamy Rd.
• The CNR/GO Transit line would become the western boundary of Scarborough Centre from Hwy 401 south to Eglinton Ave. Scarborough Southwest would include all the area south of the Hydro Corridor from Victoria Park Ave to the rail line, including the Golden Mile business area.
• Don Valley East—Wexford would swap out the Golden Mile area for the McGregor Park neighbourhood.

GTA – Peel Region

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Brampton—Caledon	117,187	+0.51%
Brampton Centre	123,692	+6.09%
Brampton East	120,485	+3.34%
Brampton North	126,142	+8.19%
Brampton South	125,816	+7.91%
Brampton West	119,739	+2.70%
Mississauga Centre	118,310	+1.48%
Mississauga East—Cooksville	116,346	-0.21%
Mississauga—Erindale	121,685	+4.37%
Mississauga—Malton	119,741	+2.70%
Mississauga South—Port Credit	117,095	+0.43%
Mississauga—Streetsville	124,784	+7.03%

Peel Region has a population which would allow it to have 12 ridings entirely within the region. The Town of Caledon would be attached to Brampton rather than to Dufferin County.

• All six current Mississauga ridings have populations close to the provincial average.
• Mississauga-Malton would extend west to the Credit River to include all of Meadowvale Village. In the south of the riding, Hurontario St would be used as a boundary in place of Fairwind Dr.
• Mississauga—Streetsville would move west to Winston Churchill Blvd and include the area around the Erin Mills Town Centre.
• Mississauga—Erin Mills (renamed Mississauga—Erindale) would move east across the Credit River to take in the Credit Pointe Village and Erindale Woodlands communities. Mississauga Centre would continue to encompass the central part of the city.
• Mississauga East—Cooksville would remain unchanged.
• Mississauga—Lakeshore would be renamed Mississauga South—Port Credit.
• The Heart Lake neighborhood of Brampton which adjoins the Mayfield West neighborhood of Caledon would be the best option to be included in the new Brampton—Caledon riding.
• Brampton North would include everything in the city east of Hwy 410 and north of Bovaird Dr/Castlemore Rd and encompass the Springdale neighborhood.
• Brampton East would take in most of the Bramalea area, east of Dixie Rd.
• Brampton Centre would shift to the west to include downtown Brampton. In addition, the North Park area (north of Williams Parkway, west of Bramalea Rd) would be added.
• Brampton West has grown significantly in population over the past ten years. Its southern boundary would move northward to Bovaird Dr and the Cnr tracks. The remaining southern part of the city, including the Spring Valley and County Court Park areas, would comprise Brampton South.

GTA – Peel Region - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Brampton—Bramalea	124,463	+6.75%
Brampton—Caledon	122,936	+5.44%
Brampton Centre	120,893	+3.69%
Brampton East	119,214	+2.25%

This alternative map would provide a different orientation for the eastern seats in the City of Brampton.

• Brampton West and Brampton South would remain the same as in my original proposal.
• Brampton East would follow most of its current federal boundaries, and comprise all of Brampton east of Torbram Rd.
• The new Brampton—Bramalea seat would be a narrow riding centered around Bramalea Rd, including Bramalea City Centre. The western boundary would be Dixie Rd and the eastern boundary would be Torbram Rd.
• Brampton—Caledon would be identical to the one in the preferred option, with the addition of Rosedale Villages.
• Brampton Centre would swap the Maitland Park area east of Dixie Rd for the Great Lakes Dr area north of Bovaird Dr.

GTA – Halton Region

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Burlington North—Oakville	116,605	+0.01%
Burlington South	117,458	+0.74%
Milton	124,527	+6.81%
Oakville North—Halton Hills	121,879	+4.54%
Oakville South	116,168	-0.36%

Halton Region has a population entitlement of five ridings.

• Burlington (renamed Burlington South) and Oakville (renamed Oakville South) would each lose a small bit of territory to the new riding of Burlington North—Oakville.

Burlington would lose the Palmer neighbourhood, while Oakville would cede the area around Heritage Way Park. Northern Burlington and the Westoak Trails section of Oakville would be in the new riding.

• Milton has gained enough population to have its own seat solely within the built-up area of the town. The new riding boundaries would follow Hwy 401, James Snow Pkwy, Britannia Rd, and Tremaine Rd.
• The rural portion of the Town of Milton plus the Town of Halton Hills would be added to the River Oaks and Uptown Core areas of Oakville to form the new seat of Oakville North—Halton Hills.

GTA – Halton Region - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Burlington	124,520	+6.80%
Halton North	108,146	-7.24%
Milton	124,527	+6.81%
Oakville	119,451	+2.45%
Oakville North—Burlington	119,993	+2.92%

Using Dundas St/Hwy 5 would allow for an alternative configuration in the Region of Halton.

• Two ridings would be north of Dundas St/Hwy 5 and three ridings would be south of that line.
• Milton would be the same as the preferred option, including all the urban portion of the town.
• Halton North would include Halton Hills, rural Milton, and parts of Burlington and Oakville lying north of Dundas St/Hwy 5.
• Burlington would retain the Palmer neighbourhood in this alternative map.
• The boundary between Oakville and Oakville North—Burlington would follow the Qew, Sixteen Mile Creek, Upper Middle Rd, and Sixth Line.

South Central Ontario

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Ancaster—Flamborough—Brant North	114,722	-1.60%
Brantford—Six Nations	120,983	+3.77%
Cambridge	121,261	+4.01%
Guelph	120,934	+3.73%
Haldimand—Norfolk	116,706	+0.10%
Hamilton East	119,053	+2.11%
Hamilton Mountain	120,354	+3.23%
Hamilton West—Dundas	117,615	+0.88%
Kitchener Centre	120,321	+3.20%
Kitchener—Conestoga	111,168	-4.65%
Kitchener South	112,979	-3.10%
Niagara Centre	119,809	+2.76%
Niagara Falls	127,316	+9.20%
Niagara West	112,155	-3.80%
Oxford	121,781	+4.45%
St. Catharines—Niagara-on-the-Lake	118,661	+1.78%
Stoney Creek—Glanbrook	121,563	+4.27%
Waterloo	121,436	+4.16%
Wellington—Guelph	120,092	+3.00%

South Central Ontario has a population that can be represented by 19 districts. Five of the counties/regions have ideal populations to have ridings entirely within their boundaries. The exceptions are Brant (1.23) and Hamilton (4.81); one seat would need to include parts of both municipalities.

• Wellington County has a population that is appropriate for two seats. The newer parts of the City of Guelph (South End, Kortright Hills) would become part of the new Wellington—Guelph South seat, while the older sections of the city would comprise the riding of Guelph.
• Waterloo Region could accommodate five districts. One seat would be entirely within the City of Waterloo, two seats entirely within the City of Kitchener, and one seat entirely within the City of Cambridge. The fifth seat, Kitchener—Conestoga would encompass parts of the cities of Kitchener and Cambridge and include all the surrounding rural townships (Woolwich, Wellesley, Wilmot, and North Dumfries).
• Oxford County would become its own federal riding (Oxford).
• Haldimand—Norfolk would remain unchanged.
• Brant County is too large for one riding while the City of Hamilton is too small for five seats. Adding Flamborough and Ancaster to northern Brant (north of Hwy 403) would resolve the issue by creating a new riding called Ancaster—Flamborough—Brant North. The rest of Brant County, including Brantford and the Six Nations and New Credit territories would become Brantford—Six Nations.
• The current riding of Hamilton West—Ancaster—Dundas (renamed Hamilton West—Dundas) would lose Ancaster but gain downtown Hamilton west of Wellington St.
• The current riding of Hamilton East—Stoney Creek would be divided along a new boundary close to the old city limits between the two former municipalities. The area west of Centennial Pkwy, King St, and Gray Rd (and east of Wellington St) would become Hamilton East, while the former town of Stoney Creek would be reunited with Glanbrook in Stoney Creek—Glanbrook.
• Hamilton Mountain would remain intact but gain the neighbourhoods of Gurnett, Gilkson and Falkirk.
• Niagara Region is entitled to four seats. By removing Niagara-on-the-Lake from Niagara Falls riding and adding it to St. Catharines, Niagara Falls would be within 10% of the provincial average.
• Niagara West is underpopulated. One way to balance the populations of Niagara West and ST. Catharines—Niagara-ON-The-Lake is to move the area west of Twelve Mile Creek, Ontario St, Lakeshore Rd, and Lake St from St. Catharines to Niagara West.
• Niagara Centre would remain untouched except for a small boundary change. The Woodlands of Sunset long-term care home lies on the municipal boundary between Pelham and Welland. The residents vote federally in Niagara Centre and provincially in Niagara West. The change would remove this ambiguity.

South Central Ontario - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Guelph—Puslinch	118,062	+1.26%
Wellington—Guelph North	122,964	+5.47%
Cambridge	119,493	+2.49%
Kitchener Centre	119,251	+2.28%
Kitchener—Conestoga	107,134	-8.11%
Kitchener South—Hespeler	119,851	+2.80%
Waterloo	121,436	+4.16%

• In Wellington County, the northern and eastern parts of the City of Guelph would alternatively be added to the new Wellington—Guelph North seat, while the remainder of the city would include Puslinch Township in the riding of Guelph—Puslinch.

The five proposed ridings in Waterloo Region could be realigned to better follow existing federal riding boundaries.

• The Bridgeport neighbourhood would move from Waterloo to Kitchener Centre.
• Cambridge riding would lose the northern part of Brant County.
• Kitchener—Conestoga would retain its current name and limits.
• The northern boundary of Kitchener South—Hespeler would continue along Fairway Rd to the bridge over the Grand River.

Southwestern Ontario

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Chatham-Kent—Sun Parlour	113,556	-2.60%
Deshkan Ziibi	109,393	-6.17%
Essex	119,642	+2.62%
London—Elgin East	120,852	+3.66%
London—Fanshawe	127,068	+8.99%
London North Centre	127,162	+9.07%
London West	127,931	+9.73%
Perth—Middlesex	115,231	-1.17%
Sarnia—Lambton	120,186	+3.08%
Windsor—Tecumseh	125,699	+7.81%
Windsor West	125,490	+7.63%

Southwestern Ontario has a population count which would be enough for eleven ridings. Perth County (81,535) is too small to be its own riding, but is surrounded by counties (Huron, Wellington, Waterloo, Oxford) that have an ideal population size for districts entirely within their own boundaries. This necessitates Perth sharing a seat with Middlesex County. Approximately 35,000 people from Middlesex County would need to be added to Perth County to create an appropriately sized riding. I have prepared two alternatives for your consideration.

• Perth would add the municipalities of North Middlesex, Lucan Biddulph, Thames Centre, and the eastern half of Middlesex Centre (east of Vanneck Rd) to form Perth—Middlesex. This would be similar to the riding of Perth—Middlesex that existed in the 1997 and 2000 federal elections.
• London would keep its three seats within the city. London—Fanshawe would keep its current limits.
• To keep the populations of the other two London ridings below the +10% threshold, the area known as Oxford Park (south of Oxford St, west of the north Thames River) would be moved from London North Centre to London West.
• The Byron neighbourhood would shift from London West to London—Elgin East. The communities of Byron, Lambeth and St. Thomas are connected by Colonel Talbot Dr.
• Sarnia—Lambton would retain its existing boundaries and add the Municipality of Lambton Shores and the First Nations territories of Walpole Island and Kettle Point.
• Lambton—Kent—Middlesex would compensate for the loss of Lambton Shores and northern Middlesex County by adding all the rural townships between Chatham and St. Thomas. Since the Thames River would be the focal point of the riding, I chose the original Ojibwe/ Anishnaabemowin name for the river – Deshkan Ziibi – as the new riding name.
• Removing Blenheim and the rural areas to the east from Chatham-Kent—Leamington would require adding territory from Essex County. Since the Leamington census agglomeration used by Statistics Canada includes both Leamington and Kingsville, that would be the obvious choice. It would also allow both the towns of Kingsville and Lakeshore to remain undivided. My suggested name for the riding is Chatham-Kent—Sun Parlour, as the "Sun Parlour" name is commonly used in the area.
• The Chrysler Centre neighborhood (Walker Rd to Pillette Rd, south of Tecumseh Rd) would be transferred from Windsor—Tecumseh to Windsor West. This area is clearly on the east side of Windsor and would balance the populations.
• Windsor—Tecumseh would be further reduced in size by adding the southern part of the Town of Tecumseh (south of Hwy 401) to Essex riding.

Southwestern Ontario - Alternative

Electoral Districts, Population - 2021, Deviation from Quota

Electoral Districts	Population - 2021	Deviation from Quota
Chatham-Kent—Sun Parlour	125,441	+7.59%
Elgin—Kent	120,622	+3.46%
Essex	122,905	+5.42%
London—Fanshawe	116,985	+0.34%
London North Centre	121,626	+4.32%
London South	114,950	-1.41%
Middlesex—London	113,336	-2.79%
Perth—Middlesex	115,231	-1.17%
Sarnia—Lambton	128,154	+9.92%
Windsor—Tecumseh	127,470	+9.33%
Windsor West	125,490	+7.63%

• The alternative option would have five ridings entirely within the combined counties of Perth and Middlesex.
• Perth—Middlesex would be identical to the first option.
• Southwestern Middlesex County would add the areas of Lambeth, Byron, Westmount, and Oakridge from the City of London to become Middlesex—London.
• London—Fanshawe would be bordered by Adelaide St on the west and the South Thames River on the south. The revised ridings of London North Centre and London South would be divided by the Gexr tracks.
• Lambton County (minus Walpole Island) would be its own riding (Lambton).
• The Municipality of Chatham-Kent would now be divided east/west rather than north/south. The communities of Dresden, Thamesville, Blenheim, and Ridgetown would be added to Elgin County and renamed Elgin—Kent. The Chatham-Kent—Sun Parlour riding would now include Wallaceburg and Walpole Island, as well as the southern part of the Town of Kingsville (south of County Rd 18).
• Essex would include the entire Town of Lakeshore and the northern half of Kingsville.
• Windsor—Tecumseh would lose the Chrysler Centre area but retain the Town of Tecumseh. Windsor West would be the same as in the preferred option.

Conclusion

This proposal creates 122 federal – and potentially provincial – ridings in Ontario that follow existing electoral district boundaries and municipal limits to the greatest extent possible, while maintaining population counts that are close to the provincial average. Maps of my proposed and alternative ridings can be found at: https://www.bit.ly/Canada343

I hope that the Commission will give this proposal its careful consideration.

Maps.